{"id":3561,"date":"2011-09-28T01:00:56","date_gmt":"2011-09-28T09:00:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lighthousebc.com\/beacon\/?p=3561"},"modified":"2012-02-13T19:41:12","modified_gmt":"2012-02-14T03:41:12","slug":"bob-the-old-testament","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lighthousebc.com\/beacon\/2011\/09\/28\/bob-the-old-testament\/","title":{"rendered":"BOB &#8211; The Old Testament"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lighthousebc.com\/beacon\/files\/2012\/02\/BOB_header.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-4550\" title=\"BOB_header\" src=\"http:\/\/www.lighthousebc.com\/beacon\/files\/2012\/02\/BOB_header-300x193.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"193\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lighthousebc.com\/beacon\/files\/2012\/02\/BOB_header-300x193.jpg 300w, https:\/\/lighthousebc.com\/beacon\/files\/2012\/02\/BOB_header.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>by Stephen Rodgers<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Last week&#8217;s post went a little bit long and touched on a few issues that were a bit technical. \u00a0This week&#8217;s post will probably be a bit shorter, and nowhere near as technical. \u00a0In fact, I spent part of the day contemplating if I wanted to just make a post with the title <em>What is the OT About?<\/em> and then write <em>Jesus<\/em> in the post.<\/p>\n<p>Nothing more. \u00a0Just <em>Jesus<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>I thought it would make a point&#8230;and it would. \u00a0But even though that would have\u00a0definitively\u00a0gotten the point across, let&#8217;s elaborate on it just a bit.<\/p>\n<p>First though, let me point out a couple of articles that deal with other aspects of the OT: \u00a0I&#8217;ve previously mentioned Vern Polythress\u2019\u00a0\u201cOverview of the Bible: A\u00a0Survey of the History of Salvation\u201d\u00a0but I&#8217;d also like to recommend\u00a0C. John Collins&#8217; &#8220;The Theology of the Old Testament&#8221;\u00a0which takes a broader view. \u00a0They&#8217;re only a couple pages each, and there&#8217;s some great material in there (and if you own an <em>ESV Study Bible<\/em>, you have those articles already). \u00a0But for the purposes of this article, I want to make the point that the central character of the Old Testament is indeed Jesus&#8230;even if He never <em>quite<\/em> directly steps into the spotlight.<\/p>\n<p>It was Mark Dever who once summed up the message of the OT and NT as &#8220;Promises Made&#8221; and &#8220;Promises Kept,&#8221; respectively (with Jesus as the primary object of both). \u00a0But as much as I respect Pastor Mark, I wouldn&#8217;t be comfortable making a claim and then falling back on &#8220;well, Mark Dever <em>said so<\/em>&#8221; as my primary justification. \u00a0On the other hand, &#8220;Jesus <em>said so<\/em>&#8221; carries a little more weight.<\/p>\n<p>You see, it was Jesus who made it absolutely clear that the OT was all about Him! He said it more than once, and in a number of different contexts as well. \u00a0He said it <em>before<\/em> His resurrection (John 5:39-40) and He said it <em>after<\/em> His resurrection (Luke 24:27). He said it to His <em>disciples<\/em> (Luke 24:44-45) and He said it to large crowds of <em>strangers<\/em> (Matt. 5:17-18). \u00a0He said it at the <em>beginning<\/em> of His ministry (Luke 4:20-21) and He said it at the <em>end<\/em> of His ministry (Luke 22:37; Matt 26:56).<\/p>\n<p>I don&#8217;t know about you, but I&#8217;ve got this crazy notion that being a &#8220;Christian&#8221; involves paying attention to Christ.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Alright Stephen,&#8221; you might be saying. \u00a0&#8220;I believe you that the OT is about Jesus. \u00a0I even accept that Jesus said the OT was about Himself. \u00a0But can you give me examples of <em>how<\/em> it&#8217;s about Him?&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Yes. \u00a0Yes I can.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Prophetic Promises<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The OT contains hundreds of prophecies concerning the coming Messiah. \u00a0And despite what some skeptics say, there are <a href=\"http:\/\/thecripplegate.com\/the-problems-with-prophecy\/\">strong reasons<\/a> to believe in their validity. \u00a0Here are just a few of them:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1,000 BC: David\u00a0prophesied\u00a0that lots would be cast for Jesus&#8217; clothes (Ps 22:18; John 19:23-24), that Jesus would be crucified (500 years before the first recorded instance of\u00a0crucifixion) (Ps 22:16; Luke 23:33), and that Jesus would resurrect from Death (Ps 16:10)<\/li>\n<li>700 BC: Isaiah\u00a0prophesied\u00a0that Jesus would be born of a virgin who would conceive by a miracle (Isa 7:14; Matt 1:18-23), that Jesus would die and be buried in a rich man&#8217;s tomb (Isa 53:8-9; Matt 27:57-60; Luke 23:46), and that Jesus would\u00a0resurrect\u00a0from death (Isa 53:10-12; Acts 2:25-32)<\/li>\n<li>700 BC: Micah prophesied that Jesus would be born in Bethlehem (Mic 5:2; Luke 2:1-7)<\/li>\n<li>700 BC: Hosea prophesied that Jesus&#8217; family would flee to Egypt (Hos 11:1; Matt 2:13-15)<\/li>\n<li>500 BC: Zechariah\u00a0prophesied\u00a0that Jesus would be betrayed for 30 pieces of silver (Zech 11:12-13; Matt 26:14-15)<\/li>\n<li>400 BC: Malachi prophesied\u00a0that Jesus would enter the temple (which was destroyed in 70 AD) (Mal 3:1; Luke 2:25-27)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Christophonies<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A &#8220;Christophony&#8221; is the theological term for an appearance of the pre-incarnate Christ. \u00a0You can think of these almost as &#8220;cameos&#8221; of Jesus, before we fully learn about who He is. \u00a0These include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Walking with Abraham (Gen 18; John 8:56)<\/li>\n<li>Wrestling with Jacob (Gen 32:30)<\/li>\n<li>Appearing to Moses (Ex 3:2-6; John 8:58)<\/li>\n<li>Joining Daniel in the fiery furnace (Dan 3:24-25)<\/li>\n<li>Calling Isaiah into ministry (Isa 6:1-5; John 12:41)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>One special Christophony that can be a little confusing is the appearance of &#8220;the angel of the LORD.&#8221; \u00a0I say &#8220;confusing&#8221; because not all angels are Jesus, but occasionally one shows up who is explicitly identified as God (Judg 6:11-14; 13:22). \u00a0Unlike other occasions, when people try to worship <em>this<\/em>\u00a0&#8220;angel&#8221; (remember that &#8220;angel&#8221; just means &#8220;messenger) they are encouraged instead of corrected. \u00a0This is the same &#8220;angel&#8221; that provided the sacrifice in place of Isaac (Gen 22:1-19) and journeyed with Moses (Ex 3:14; 23:20-21; John 8:56-59)<\/div>\n<p><strong>Types<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The aforementioned Vern Polythress defines a &#8220;type&#8221; as\u00a0<em>a special example, symbol, or picture that God designed beforehand, and that he placed in history at an earlier point in time in order to point forward to a later, larger fulfillment. \u00a0<\/em>Sometimes a &#8220;type&#8221; is also called a &#8220;prefigure&#8221; or a &#8220;shadow.&#8221;\u00a0These can be shown through individuals and institutions, services, and events.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Some individuals and institutions would be how Adam points to Christ as the second Adam, how the priesthood points to Christ as the High Priest, how David and the other kings point to Christ as the King of Kings, how Moses and the prophets point to Christ as the ultimate Prophet, animal sacrifices which point to Christ as the Lamb of God, the temple which points to Christ as God dwelling among us bodily in Jesus, shepherds who point to Christ as the Great Shepherd and many more.<\/li>\n<li>Some services would be how Christ was the better Adam, the better Abel, the better Abraham, the better Jacob, the better Joseph, the better Moses, the better Job, the better David, the better Jonah, the better Boaz, the better Nehemiah, the better Hosea, and many more. \u00a0For more explanation of that, you might want to start with a short youtube video of an <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=gmnSnNC8UJk\">excerpt from a sermon by Tim Keller.<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Some events would be the exodus as a pattern for salvation, and Yom Kippur as a pattern for the\u00a0crucifixion.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Titles<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Last but not least, Jesus is identified by a number of OT titles that are used to identify and describe God. \u00a0The most prevalent is the title &#8220;son of man&#8221; from Daniel 7:13-14, which Jesus uses more than 80 times in the four gospels. \u00a0Other titles include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Suffering Servant (Isa 42: 1-4; 49:1-7; 52:13-53:12; Phil 2:1-11)<\/li>\n<li>First and Last (Isa 41:4; 44:6; 48:12; Rev 1:17; 2:8; 22:13)<\/li>\n<li>Light (Ps 27:1; John 1:9)<\/li>\n<li>Rock (Ps 18:2; 95:1; 1 Cor 10:4; 1 Pet 2:6-8)<\/li>\n<li>Husband\/Bridegroom (Hos 2:16; Isa 62:5; Eph 5:28-33; Rev 21:2)<\/li>\n<li>Shepherd (Ps 23:1; Heb 13:20)<\/li>\n<li>Redeemer (Hos 13:14; Ps 130:7; Titus 2:13; Rev 5:9)<\/li>\n<li>Savior (Isa 43:3; John 4:42)<\/li>\n<li>Lord of Glory (Isa 42:8; 1 Cor 2:8)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>At the beginning of the article I said it would be shorter and less technical than last week. \u00a0Well&#8230;now it&#8217;s longer, and I&#8217;ve quoted Polythress, so I probably failed on both counts. \u00a0But despite that, I hope you&#8217;re beginning to see that the OT is really all about Jesus. Until you understand that, you&#8217;re missing the entire point.<\/p>\n<p>Next week we&#8217;ll dig deeper into a specific section of the OT as we explore the Pentateuch. \u00a0And after that&#8230;we&#8217;ll dive into an actual <em>book<\/em> of the Bible: Genesis.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Other Works Referenced<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>ESV Study Bible<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Dever, <em>The Message of the Old Testament<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Dever, <em>The Message of the New Testament<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Driscoll,\u00a0<em>A\u00a0Book You\u2019ll Actually Read On The Old Testament<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>by Stephen Rodgers Last week&#8217;s post went a little bit long and touched on a few issues that were a bit technical. \u00a0This week&#8217;s post will probably be a bit shorter, and nowhere near as technical. \u00a0In fact, I spent part of the day contemplating if I wanted to just make a post with the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":469,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[109],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3561","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-books-of-the-bible"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lighthousebc.com\/beacon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3561","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lighthousebc.com\/beacon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lighthousebc.com\/beacon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lighthousebc.com\/beacon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/469"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lighthousebc.com\/beacon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3561"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/lighthousebc.com\/beacon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3561\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4556,"href":"https:\/\/lighthousebc.com\/beacon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3561\/revisions\/4556"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lighthousebc.com\/beacon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3561"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lighthousebc.com\/beacon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3561"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lighthousebc.com\/beacon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3561"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}